强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等) + that/who +句子的其余部分。一、连接词。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；被强调的部分是宾语，指人时也可以用whom；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。 It was John and Mike who/that saw Mary in the street last night. It is Mary whom/ who he often helps . It was in the street that I met him yesterday. 二、时态。如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用It is...that...。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用It was...that...。如： Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday. It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语) It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday. (强调宾语) It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语) It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (强调地点状语) 有时，be前可使用表示推测的情态动词。如： It must be Peter who has let this secret out.一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。 It might be last night that they did their homework.他们也许是昨晚做完作业的。三、 强调含有not until的句子。在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即it is(was)+not until从句+that +其它。 It was not until he had finished the work that he went home. It was not until 12 o’clock last night that my brother came home. 四、强调句的疑问句。强调结构的疑问形式：强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，要在主句中用一般疑问句的顺序。例如： Was it you that/who broke the window ? Was it in the war that he lost his son ? 强调特殊疑问句中的疑问词，其结构模式是：“疑问词+ is/was + it +that...”。它同感叹句的强调模式极其相似，首先将疑问句开头的部分作为强调部分，套入强调结构，然后再将其变为疑问句。例如： 1. Where were you born? → Where was it that you were born? 2. What did you want to see? → What was it that you wanted to see? 3. How many people are being trained for the special work? → How many people is it that are being trained for the special work ?。 五、强调句型中的主谓一致。被强调的成分为原句的主语时，that/who之后的谓语动词应与被强调的名词或代词在人称和数方面保持一致关系，从而选用恰当的动词形式。例如： It is you who/that are wrong. It is I who/that am answering the question. 但是如果被强调的部分是人称代词，按理应用人称代词主格形式，但在口语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式，此时that/who的谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式is或was。例如： It is me who is being asked the favor. 另在It is/was..., not...that...句型中，其谓语动词应与肯定部分的词保持一致关系。例如： It is my brother, not I that studies in that school. It is you, not your sister that are in charge of the company. 六、感叹句的强调结构，既要体现强调句型的形式特征，又要体现感叹句的自然语序。例如： 1. How happy he looks! → How happy it is that he looks! 2. What a clever boy he is! → What a clever boy it is that he is! “强调”就是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。英语表达中，要强调句子的某一成分，一般可用强调句型“It is (was) +that (who) +句子的其余部分”。It在句中无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that外，还可换用who（强调宾语指人时也可用whom）。使用强调句型时，应注意以下事项： 一、去掉强调结构It is (was) … that(who)…后，剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键。试比较： 1. It is strange thathe didn’t come yesterday. 2. It is you and Tomthat didn’t come yesterday. 显然，句1去掉It is… that …后，句子结构不完整，是主语从句；句2去掉It is … that …后，句子变为you andTom didn’t come yesterday. 仍是一个表意完整的句子，这是一个强调句。再如： 1. It is what you dorather than what you say ____matters. （05天津） A.that B. what C.which D. this 答案A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调结构，剩下的是Whatyou do rather than what you say matters. 表意完整。 2. That was really asplendid evening. It’s years ____I enjoyed myself somuch. A.when B. that C.before D.since （05安徽） 答案D。由强调句型的判断方法可知，该句不是强调句型。It指时间，句意为：好几年我没有这么高兴了。since的意思是“自从那个时候起”。 二、如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不可用when, where, why或how，而仍用that。试比较：It wasbecause of the accident why he was late. (误), It was because of theaccident that he was late. (正)。又如： 1. Itwas not until midnight theyreached the camp site. （08重庆） A. that B.when C.while D. as 答案A。该题强干扰项是B，考生容易因强调时间状语untilmidnight而误选。 2. It was after hegot what he had desired ____he realized it was not soimportant. （06辽宁） A.that B.when C.since D. as 答案A。该句强调时间状语从句after he got what he haddesired，题干意思是“得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要”。不要误选B。 3. It was in NewZealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. （08全国II） A. that B.how C.which D. when 答案A。强调地点状语in New Zealand. 三、注意强调句型的否定句和疑问句形式，在这方面很容易因弄不清句子结构而错选。如: 1. I just wonder ____that makes him so excited. （06山东） A. why it does B. what hedoes C. how itis D. what it is 答案D。正常语序的强调句型容易看出，但要注意它的变体。如果把该题变换一下语序：it is what that makes him soexcited,不难看出这是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，强调了疑问代词what，因为wonder后宾语从句，故用了陈述语序。 2. It was not until she got home ____Jennifer realized she had lost herkeys. A. when B. that C.where D.before （06全国卷二） 答案B。如果去掉强调结构，该句是一个“not… until”句型：Jennifer didn’t realize she hadlost her keys until she got home. 要强调时间状语until she gothome，这时要把主句中的否定词not放在was之后。 四、强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语；be的变化只有is和was两种形式，如果要表示现在时将来时的其它各种形式时，就用It is…, 表达过去时的各种形式时，用It was….一般要与谓语动词的时态一致。如： 1. It is I who/ that am an English teacher. 2. It is the boy who/ that speaks English best in theclass. 3. It was on Sunday that he gave George this ticket. 4. It is the little girl who/ that has broken the glass. 五、在复习中有可能把It is/ was…that句式都误认为是强调句型的几种情况： 1、把具有实际意义的指示代词it后面接is/was…that误认为是强调句式。 --- Where did you get to know her? （07山东） --- It was on the farm ____ we worked. A．that B．there C．which D．where 答案D。该句易误作强调句型，所以A是强干扰项。这里where we worked 是定语从句，修饰the farm。It指“与她相识”这件事。该题很容易受思维定势的影响而拒绝选D，因为平日教学老师一再强调，用强调句型时即使强调地点状语，也不能用where而用that。该句如果要用itwas… that强调句型的话，可改写为“It was on the farm where we worked that I gotto know her.” 2、把it指时间、天气、距离、环境等后接be的情形误以为是强调句型。 It was twenty miles from our city to the village ____the accidenthappened. A. that B.when C. then D.where 答案D。本题貌似It was…that强调句型，其实不然。句中It表示距离，where 引导地点状语从句。 3、把It is/ was…that结构的主语从句误认为是强调句型。 The Foreign Minister said, “____our hope that the two sides willwork towardspeace.” （04北京） A. This is B. There is C. Thatis D. It is 答案D。如果选A和C，指示代词This和That在句中找不出指代的内容，选B意义不通。故选D。虽然选It is后题干中出现了Itis… that结构，但这不是强调句型。很明显，题干中的that从句应是主语从句，所缺的是形式主语。 ____ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to astronger, more prosperous economy A. As B. That C. This D.It （06浙江） 答案D。如果去掉It is … that, 中间的ourbelief就无法处理，因此该句不是强调句型，而是一个复合句，It是形式主语，that引导真正主语。 强调句型It is/ was… that/ who主要用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语或表语。如果要强调谓语动词,应该用代动词do及其变形does或did，这三种形式常用在谓语动词之前，以加强语气。它一般只能强调现在时与过去时。如： I do wish I could. 我真希望我能。 He does look well. 他的确看起来气色很好。 You did give me a fright. 你真把我给吓了一跳。